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Graft copolymerization of -isopropylacrylamide with 3-(methacryloxy)propyl trimethoxysilane on ultrafine silica and its application in chromatography separation

ZHANG Liping, ZHU Yi, NI Caihua

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 242-247 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0043-y

摘要： Thermosensitive core-shell particles were synthesized through graft copolymerization of -isopropylacrylamide with [ 3-(methacryloxy) propyl]trimethoxysilane (MPT) coupled on the surface of ultrafine silica beads. The copolymerization was carried out using polyvinyl alcohol as a surfactant, water and cyclohexanol as mixed solvent, and 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) as an initiator. The effect of surfactant concentration and the composition of the mixed solvent on the graft rate were investigated. The structure of modified silica was confirmed by infrared spectra. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has revealed the thermosensitivity of the particles. The thermosensitive particles were used as packing materials of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns for separating naphthalene derivatives. Satisfactory separation was obtained by controlling the temperature of the column. In contrast, the packing material of silica-MPT has no such separation efficiency due to the lack of thermosensitivity. The effect of the composition of the mobile phase on the separating efficiency was also investigated. The temperature-controlled separation was effective only when the water content was higher than 90% (v/v) in the water-methanol mobile phase. The mechanism for the temperature-controlled separation is attributed to a polarity change of poly(-isopropylacrylamide) which undergoes volume phase transition on the silica surface as the temperature increases.

关键词： undergoes     water-methanol     surfactant concentration     copolymerization     chromatography    

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胶束强化超滤技术在重金属废水处理中的研究进展

姚青旭,贾铭椿,王晓伟

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第7期   页码 95-99

摘要：

胶束强化超滤技术（MEUF）作为一种新兴的水处理技术，在重金属废水净化方面有着较好的应用前景。本文通过总结前人的研究结果，综合讨论了影响金属离子截留效果的各个因素，为优化MEUF提出了一些建议。并就当前采用胶束强化超滤法处理金属离子技术的最新发展与表面活性剂的循环再利用作了简要的介绍。

关键词： 胶束强化超滤     表面活性剂     临界浓度    

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The construction of pseudo-Janus silica/surfactant assembly and their application to stabilize Pickering

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 1101-1113 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2095-1

摘要： Nanoparticles with high surface energy and chemical activity have drawn substantial attention in petroleum industry. Recently, Janus nanoparticles exhibited tremendous potential in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) due to their asymmetric structures and properties. In this study, a series of amphiphilic pseudo-Janus@OTAB (PJ@C18) nanoparticles with different concentrations of stearyltrimethylammoium bromide (OTAB) were successfully fabricated. The structures and properties of PJ@C18 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ζ-potential measurements. Based on the emulsification experimental results, the interaction models and the self-assembly behavior between hydrophilic nanoparticles (SiO2@NH2) and OTAB molecules at the oil/water interface were proposed, which was further confirmed via the measurements of the contact angle and dynamic interfacial tension. Interestingly, it was found that the change of pH value from 7.5 to 4.0 caused the type reversal of the PJ@C18-1000 stabilized Pickering emulsions. Furthermore, the PJ@C18-1000 stabilized Pickering emulsion system with excellent salt and temperature tolerances (10000 mg∙L–1, 90 °C) significantly improved the oil recovery in the single-tube (more than 17%) and double-tube (more than 25%) sand pack model flooding tests. The findings of this study could help to better understand the construction mechanism of pseudo-Janus silica/surfactant assembly and the potential application of PJ@C18-1000 stabilized Pickering emulsions for EOR.

关键词： Janus nanoparticles     surfactant     double phase inversion     self-assembly     enhanced oil recovery    

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Progress in use of surfactant in nearly static conditions in natural gas hydrate formation

Zhen PAN, Yi WU, Liyan SHANG, Li ZHOU, Zhien ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 463-481 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0675-2

摘要： Natural gas hydrate is an alternative energy source with a great potential for development. The addition of surfactants has been found to have practical implications on the acceleration of hydrate formation in the industrial sector. In this paper, the mechanisms of different surfactants that have been reported to promote hydrate formation are summarized. Besides, the factors influencing surfactant-promoted hydrate formation, including the type, concentration, and structure of the surfactant, are also described. Moreover, the effects of surfactants on the formation of hydrate in pure water, brine, porous media, and systems containing multiple surfactants are discussed. The synergistic or inhibitory effects of the combinations of these additives are also analyzed. Furthermore, the process of establishing kinetic and thermodynamic models to simulate the factors affecting the formation of hydrate in surfactant-containing solutions is illustrated and summarized.

关键词： gas hydrate     kinetic hydrate promoter     compounding     model     surfactant     mechanism    

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Localized high-concentration electrolytes for lithium metal batteries: progress and prospect

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1354-1371 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2286-4

摘要： With the increasing development of digital devices and electric vehicles, high energy-density rechargeable batteries are strongly required. As one of the most promising anode materials with an ultrahigh specific capacity and extremely low electrode potential, lithium metal is greatly considered an ideal candidate for next-generation battery systems. Nevertheless, limited Coulombic efficiency and potential safety risks severely hinder the practical applications of lithium metal batteries due to the inevitable growth of lithium dendrites and poor interface stability. Tremendous efforts have been explored to address these challenges, mainly focusing on the design of novel electrolytes. Here, we provide an overview of the recent developments of localized high-concentration electrolytes in lithium metal batteries. Firstly, the solvation structures and physicochemical properties of localized high-concentration electrolytes are analyzed. Then, the developments of localized high-concentration electrolytes to suppress the formation of dendritic lithium, broaden the voltage window of electrolytes, enhance safety, and render low-temperature operation for robust lithium metal batteries are discussed. Lastly, the remaining challenges and further possible research directions for localized high-concentration electrolytes are outlined, which can promisingly render the practical applications of lithium metal batteries.

关键词： high-concentration electrolyte     localized high-concentration electrolyte     lithium metal battery     solid electrolyte interphase     dendrite    

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Stability of three-dimensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 935-947 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0964-z

摘要： Extrudability is one of the most critical factors when designing three-dimensional printable foam concrete. The extrusion process likely affects the foam stability which necessitates the investigation into surfactant properties particularly for concrete mixes with high foam contents. Although many studies have been conducted on traditional foam concrete in this context, studies on three-dimensional printed foam concrete are scarce. To address this research gap, the effects of surfactant characteristics on the stability, extrudability, and buildability of three-dimensional printed foam concrete mixes with two design densities (1000 and 1300 kg/m3) using two different surfactants and stabilizers (synthetic-based sodium lauryl sulfate stabilized with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, and natural-based hingot surfactant stabilized with xanthan gum) were investigated in this study. Fresh density tests were conducted before and after the extrusion to determine stability of the foam concrete. The results were then correlated with surfactant qualities, such as viscosity and surface tension, to understand the importance of key parameters in three-dimensional printing of foam concrete. Based on the experimental results, surfactant solu1tion with viscosity exceeding 5 mPa·s and surface tension lower than 31 mN/m was recommended to yield stable three-dimensional printable foam concrete mixes. Nevertheless, the volume of foam in the mix significantly affected the printability characteristics. Unlike traditional foam concrete, the variation in the stabilizer concentration and density of concrete were found to have insignificant effect on the fresh-state-characteristics (slump, slump flow, and static yield stress) and air void microstructure of the stable mixes.

关键词： foam concrete     3D printable concrete     stability     rheology     air void microstructure    

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PM concentration declining saves health expenditure in China

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1690-4

摘要：

● Monthly hospitalization expenses are sensitive to increases in PM2.5 exposure.

关键词： Air pollution     Health expenditure     PM2.5 concentration     Economic impact     Heterogeneous effect    

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Multiphase surfactant-assisted reaction-separation system in a microchannel reactor

Salah ALJBOUR, Tomohiko TAGAWA, Mohammad MATOUQ, Hiroshi YAMADA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 33-38 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0108-6

摘要： The Lewis acid-catalyzed addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to -chlorobenzaldehyde in a microchannel reactor was investigated. The microchannel was integrated to promote both reaction and separation of the biphase system. FeF and Cu(triflate) were used as water-stable Lewis acid catalysts. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was incorporated in the organic-aqueous system to enhance the reactivity and to manipulate the multiphase flow inside the microchannel. It was found that the dynamics and the kinetics of the multiphase reaction were affected by the new micellar system. Parallel multiphase flow inside the microchannel was obtained, allowing for continuous and acceptable phase separation. Enhanced selectivity was achieved by operating at lower conversion values.

关键词： Lewis acid catalysis     multiphase reactions     process intensification     microchannel reactor     green engineering    

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Parametric equations for notch stress concentration factors of rib–deck welds under bending loading

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 595-608 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0720-1

摘要： The effective notch stress approach for evaluating the fatigue strength of rib–deck welds requires notch stress concentration factors obtained from complex finite element analysis. To improve the efficiency of the approach, the notch stress concentration factors for three typical fatigue-cracking modes (i.e., root–toe, root–deck, and toe–deck cracking modes) were thoroughly investigated in this study. First, we developed a model for investigating the effective notch stress in rib–deck welds. Then, we performed a parametric analysis to investigate the effects of multiple geometric parameters of a rib–deck weld on the notch stress concentration factors. On this basis, the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was performed to obtain the optimal regression functions for predicting the notch stress concentration factors. Finally, we employed the proposed formulas in a case study. The notch stress concentration factors estimated from the developed formulas show agree well with the finite element analysis results. The results of the case study demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the proposed formulas. It also shows that the fatigue design curve of FAT225 seems to be conservative for evaluating the fatigue strength of rib–deck welds.

关键词： notch stress concentration factor     rib–deck weld     parametric analysis     regression analysis     parametric equation    

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Effect of electrolyte concentration on the tribological performance of MAO coatings on aluminum alloys

Chao Wang, Jun Chen, Jihua He, Jing Jiang, Qinyong Zhang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1065-1071 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1909-x

摘要： Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is an efficient approach to improve the hardness, wear resistance, and other properties of aluminum alloys. In order to investigate the effect of the electrolyte concentration on the properties of MAO coatings for LY12 alloy, the voltage variation during the MAO process was recorded. The surface morphologies and phase compositions of the coatings produced with different electrolytes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The roughness and thickness of the coatings were measured using a pocket roughness meter and an eddy-current thickness meter, respectively. The tribological performances of the coatings were investigated against GCr15 bearing steel on a ball-on-disc wear tester in open air. The results showed that with an increase in the Na SiO content, the working voltage of the MAO process decreased, the roughness and thickness of the coatings increased significantly, and the relative content of the -Al O phase decreased. With an increase in the KOH content, the working voltage decreased slightly, the roughness and thickness of the coatings increased slightly, and the α- and -Al O phase contents remained unchanged. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the coatings increased with an increase in the Na SiO and KOH concentrations. A decrease in the porosity and roughness and an increase in the α-Al O content of the coatings reduced their wear mass loss.

关键词： aluminum alloy     micro-arc oxidation     coating     electrolyte concentration     tribological performance    

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study on the control of black smoke pollution from the ceramic kilns based on the mechanism of the surfactant

CUI Xiao, LI Caiting, WANG Fei, LI Shanhong, XIAO Chenchang, PENG Yu, ZHAI Yunbo

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 109-115 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0021-0

摘要： Aiming at the characteristics of carbon black, a new method of controlling the black smoke from the industrial coal-burning ceramic kilns by wetting was brought forward. The carbon black in the flue of coal-burning ceramic kiln was collected for the experiments, and its physical and chemical properties were studied in detail. In order to change the sedimentation and wettability state of the carbon black, the complex solution of the coagulant and surfactant was applied. After a series of orthogonal experiments, the complex solutions with better effects were chosen. Then, the sedimentation percentage of carbon black treated by the selected complex solutions was measured. The optimized complex solutions included NaSO (100 mmol/L), sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) (1.2 mmol/L) and polyacrylamide (PAM) (40 mg/L). After carbon black was absorbed, the complex solutions were clear and colorless. The complex solutions can be recycled, and the sedimentation percentage of carbon black is 94%.
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Diagnostic evaluation of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio in primary aldosteronism

ZHANG Huilan, WANG Daowen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 11-14 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0003-4

摘要： Using the plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio (PAC/PRA ratio) as the screening test of choice for primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients, we studied the clinical characteristics and the diagnostic value of PAC/PRA ratio in primary aldosteronism. The plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and plasma renin activity (PRA) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 902 hypertensive patients from out-patient clinics or hospitals. One hundred and twenty-six suspected primary aldosteronism patients whose PAC/PRA ratio was > 25 ng/dL/ng/mL/hr had a lamellar computed tomography (CT) scan in the adrenal gland and follow-up visits. The proportion of primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients was 14% (126/902). There were 54 patients with unilateral or bilateral hyperplasia and 25 patients with adenoma according to the CT scan. 39% (49/126) of the patients with primary aldosteronism had hypokalemia. Twenty-five patients received surgical treatment. The efficacy and cure rates were 100% (25/25) and 48% (12/25), respectively. The effective rate of aldactone and the single-drug cure rate were 89% (48/54) and 24% (13/54), respectively. Primary aldosteronism affects over 10% of hypertensive patients in China. The PAC/PRA ratio can be considered as a routine screening test in hypertensives, especially resistant hypertensive patients and a high PAC/PRA ratio is an invaluable index in primary aldosteronism diagnosis.
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Organosilane surfactant-assisted synthesis of mesoporous SSZ-39 zeolite with enhanced catalytic performance

Hao Xu, Chi Lei, Qinming Wu, Qiuyan Zhu, Xiangju Meng, Daniel Dai, Stefan Maurer, Andrei-Nicolae Parvulescu, Ulrich Müller, Fengshou Xiao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 267-274 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1845-9

摘要： SSZ-39 zeolite with AEI framework structure is a good catalyst candidate for the methanol-to-olefins (MTO) reaction. However, the diffusion limitation and coke formation often results in fast deactivation of the SSZ-39 zeolite catalyst. One solution for this challenge is to introduce mesoporosity in the SSZ-39 zeolite. Herein, we report the synthesis of mesoporous SSZ-39 zeolite using an organosilane surfactant, , -dimethyl- -(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)octan-1-aminium chloride, as a mesopore template and , -dimethyl- -2,6-dimethylpiperidinium as a micropore template. The obtained zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N sorption, scanning electron microscopy, temperature programmed desorption of ammonia, and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance of Al. The results show that the mesoporous SSZ-39 zeolite has high crystallinity, meso/microporosity, high surface area, cuboid morphology, and abundant acidic sites. More importantly, this mesoporous SSZ-39 zeolite exhibits enhanced catalyst lifetime in the MTO reaction due to the presence of mesoporosity for fast mass transfer, compared with a conventional SSZ-39 zeolite without mesoporosity.

关键词： SSZ-39 zeolite     mesopores     organosilane surfactant     MTO reaction     soft template     mass transfer    

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Effects of gradient concentration on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of LiNi

Wenming Li, Weijian Tang, Maoqin Qiu, Qiuge Zhang, Muhammad Irfan, Zeheng Yang, Weixin Zhang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 988-996 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1918-9

摘要： Nickel(Ni)-rich layered materials have attracted considerable interests as promising cathode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their higher capacities and lower cost. Nevertheless, Mn-rich cathode materials usually suffer from poor cyclability caused by the unavoidable side-reactions between Ni ions on the surface and electrolytes. The design of gradient concentration (GC) particles with Ni-rich inside and Mn-rich outside is proved to be an efficient way to address the issue. Herein, a series of LiNi Co Mn O (LNCM622) materials with different GCs (the atomic ratio of Ni/Mn decreasing from the core to the outer layer) have been successfully synthesized via rationally designed co-precipitation process. Experimental results demonstrate that the GC of LNCM622 materials plays an important role in their microstructure and electrochemical properties. The as-prepared GC3.5 cathode material with optimal GC can provide a shorter pathway for lithium-ion diffusion and stabilize the near-surface region, and finally achieve excellent electrochemical performances, delivering a discharge capacity over 176 mAh·g at 0.2 C rate and exhibiting capacity retention up to 94% after 100 cycles at 1 C. The rationally-designed co-precipitation process for fabricating the Ni-rich layered cathode materials with gradient composition lays a solid foundation for the preparation of high-performance cathode materials for LIBs.

关键词： gradient concentration     Ni-rich     LiNi0.6Co0.2-Mn0.2O2     electrochemical performance     lithium-ion battery    

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利用液相透射电子显微镜技术研究纳米气泡在表面活性剂水溶液中的动力机制 Letter

Yuna Bae, Sungsu Kang, Byung Hyo Kim, Kitaek Lim, Sungho Jeon, Sangdeok Shim, Won Chul Lee, Jungwon Park

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第5期   页码 630-635 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.006

摘要：

纳米气泡因其超长的寿命和作为纳米级载体的潜力而在各种工业应用中受到广泛关注。纳米气泡的稳定性和理化性质对表面活性剂的存在高度敏感，表面活性剂可降低其表面张力或提高其静电稳定性。在本文中，我们报道了在存在可溶性表面活性剂的条件下纳米气泡动态行为的实时观察结果。利用多室石墨烯液体池液相透射电子显微镜（TEM），在相同的成像条件下观察了体相纳米气泡和表面纳米气泡。对纳米气泡的直接观察结果表明，稳定的气体传输在没有界面融合的情况下经常发生，而在相互作用的含表面活性剂的纳米气泡界面之间存在狭窄的距离。结果也阐明了纳米气泡的界面曲率是决定其界面稳定性的重要因素。

关键词： 纳米气泡     原位透射电镜     液相透射电镜     表面活性剂    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Graft copolymerization of -isopropylacrylamide with 3-(methacryloxy)propyl trimethoxysilane on ultrafine silica and its application in chromatography separation

ZHANG Liping, ZHU Yi, NI Caihua

期刊论文

胶束强化超滤技术在重金属废水处理中的研究进展

姚青旭,贾铭椿,王晓伟

期刊论文

The construction of pseudo-Janus silica/surfactant assembly and their application to stabilize Pickering

期刊论文

Progress in use of surfactant in nearly static conditions in natural gas hydrate formation

Zhen PAN, Yi WU, Liyan SHANG, Li ZHOU, Zhien ZHANG

期刊论文

Localized high-concentration electrolytes for lithium metal batteries: progress and prospect

期刊论文

Stability of three-dimensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

期刊论文

PM concentration declining saves health expenditure in China

期刊论文

Multiphase surfactant-assisted reaction-separation system in a microchannel reactor

Salah ALJBOUR, Tomohiko TAGAWA, Mohammad MATOUQ, Hiroshi YAMADA

期刊论文

Parametric equations for notch stress concentration factors of rib–deck welds under bending loading

期刊论文

Effect of electrolyte concentration on the tribological performance of MAO coatings on aluminum alloys

Chao Wang, Jun Chen, Jihua He, Jing Jiang, Qinyong Zhang

期刊论文

study on the control of black smoke pollution from the ceramic kilns based on the mechanism of the surfactant

CUI Xiao, LI Caiting, WANG Fei, LI Shanhong, XIAO Chenchang, PENG Yu, ZHAI Yunbo

期刊论文

Diagnostic evaluation of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio in primary aldosteronism

ZHANG Huilan, WANG Daowen

期刊论文

Organosilane surfactant-assisted synthesis of mesoporous SSZ-39 zeolite with enhanced catalytic performance

Hao Xu, Chi Lei, Qinming Wu, Qiuyan Zhu, Xiangju Meng, Daniel Dai, Stefan Maurer, Andrei-Nicolae Parvulescu, Ulrich Müller, Fengshou Xiao

期刊论文

Effects of gradient concentration on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of LiNi

Wenming Li, Weijian Tang, Maoqin Qiu, Qiuge Zhang, Muhammad Irfan, Zeheng Yang, Weixin Zhang

期刊论文

利用液相透射电子显微镜技术研究纳米气泡在表面活性剂水溶液中的动力机制

Yuna Bae, Sungsu Kang, Byung Hyo Kim, Kitaek Lim, Sungho Jeon, Sangdeok Shim, Won Chul Lee, Jungwon Park

期刊论文